Suggested Readings

Refining management strategies for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: updated algorithms and practical approaches.

Auvin S, Arzimanoglou A, Falip M, et al. Epilepsia Open. 2025;10(1):85-106.

Caregiver-reported outcomes with real-world use of cannabidiol in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome from the BECOME survey.

Berg AT, Dixon-Salazar T, Meskis MA, et al. Epilepsy Res. 2024;200:107280.

A comprehensive systematic literature review of the burden of illness of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome on patients, caregivers, and society.

Cross JH, Benítez A, Roth J, et al. Epilepsia. 2024;65(5):1224-1239.

Pharmacological aspects of antiseizure medications: from basic mechanisms to clinical considerations of drug interactions and use of therapeutic drug monitoring.

Johannessen Landmark C, Eyal S, Burns ML, et al. Epileptic Disord. 2023;25(4):454-471.

Efficacy and safety of fenfluramine for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.

Knupp KG, Scheffer IE, Ceulemans B, et al. JAMA Neurol. 2022;79(6):554-564.

Expert opinion: proposed diagnostic and treatment algorithms for Lennox–Gastaut syndrome in adult patients.

Montouris G, Aboumatar S, Burdette D, et al. Epilepsy Behav. 2020;110:107146.

Diagnosis of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and strategies for early recognition.

Pujar S, Cross JH. Expert Rev Neurother. 2024;24(4):383-389. 

Lennox–Gastaut syndrome unveiled: advancing diagnosis, therapies, and advocacy-insights from the Genoa International Workshop.

Riva A, D’Onofrio G, Amadori E, et al. Epilepsia. 2026;67(2):542-556.

Antiseizure medications for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: comprehensive review and proposed consensus treatment algorithm.

Samanta D, Bhalla S, Bhatia S, et al. Epilepsy Behav. 2025;164:110261.

Cannabidiol in patients with seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (GWPCARE4): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Thiele EA, Marsh ED, French JA, et al. Lancet. 2018;391(10125):1085-1096.

Real-world use of the updated refractory epilepsy screening tool for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Wolf SM, Boyce D, Peña P, et al. Epilepsia Open. 2024;9(4):1277-1286.

Linked Resources

CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES

International League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in childhood: position paper by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions.

Specchio N, Wirrell EC, Scheffer IE, et al. Epilepsia. 2022;63(6):1398-1442.

PATIENT AND CAREGIVER RESOURCES

LGS Foundation.

Seizure Tracker.