Succeeding Under Pressure
Understanding and Reducing Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Risk in Narcolepsy
Human narcolepsy is linked to degeneration of both locus coeruleus and hypocretin neurons.
Thannickal TC, et al. Nat Commun. 2026;17(4978):1-12.
The burden of narcolepsy symptoms from patients' perspective: a narrative qualitative study.
Hlodak J, et al. Sleep Breath. 2025;29(4):231.
Comorbidity of obstructive sleep apnea and narcolepsy: a challenging diagnosis and complex management.
Miano S, et al. Sleep Med X. 2024;8:100126.
The ICSD-3 and DSM-5 guidelines for diagnosing narcolepsy: clinical relevance and practicality.
Ruoff C, Rye D. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(10):1611-1622.
Narcolepsy.
Slowik JM, et al. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026.
Cardiovascular Burden of Narcolepsy Disease (CV-BOND): a real-world evidence study.
Ben-Joseph RH, et al. Sleep. 2023;46(10):zsad161.
Narcolepsy Is Associated With Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease as Early as Childhood: A Big Data Analysis.
Kaufman CN, et al. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14(12):e039899.
186 Real-World Risk of Sodium-Associated Negative Clinical Outcomes Among Individuals With Narcolepsy in the United States.
Markt SC, et al. World Sleep. 2025. Singapore.
Cardiovascular Risks in People With Narcolepsy: Expert Panel Consensus Recommendations.
Kwon Y, et al. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13(16):e035168.
Effects of High- Versus Low-Sodium Oxybate on Blood Pressure in Patients With Narcolepsy.
White WB, et al. Hypertension. 2025;82(12):2162-2171.
(#125) Greater Than 9 Gram Dosage of Low-Sodium Oxybate in Study Participants With Narcolepsy: Effectiveness and Safety Results From the DUET Study.
Simmons J, et al. Psych Congress 2025.
DOWNLOADABLE RESOURCES
The following are downloadable resources for your patients. Please feel free to download, print, and utilize in your practice.
Clinician Pocket Guide
Poster Gallery Handout
LOOKING FOR ADDITIONAL CME OPPORTUNITIES?
Finding the Path in Idopathic Hypersomnia: Best Practices in Diagnosis and Management
PRACTICE GUIDELINES & CONSENSUS STATEMENTS
The AASM International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition, Text Revision (ICSD-3-TR).
American Academy of Sleep Medicine. American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2023.
Dosing optimization of low-sodium oxybate in narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia in adults: consensus recommendations.
Morse AM, et al. Neurol Ther. 2024;13(3):785-807.
Treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline.
Maski K, et al. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021;17(9):1881-1893.
CLINICAL PRACTICE TOOLS AND RESOURCES
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
North America Predictor of Sleepiness (NAPS) Scale.
Lee-Chiong T. Sleep Med Clin. 2012;7(2):xv–xvi.
Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale.
Drake C, et al. Sleep. 2003;26(4):455-458.
Pediatric Hypersomnolence Survey.
Boston Children’s Hospital.
PATIENT RESOURCES AND ADVOCACY ORGANIZATIONS
Project Sleep.
Narcolepsy Link.
National Sleep Foundation.
Narcolepsy Network.
American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM).
References from the Clinician Pocket Guide
- Latorre D, et al. Semin Immunopathol. 2022;44(5):611-623.
- Ruoff C, Rye D. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(10):1611-1622.
- American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International Classification of Sleep Disorders Third Edition, Text Revision. Darien, IL. AASM; 2023.
- Slowik JM, et al. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459236/.
- Trotti LM. Sleep Med Clin. 2017;12(3):331–344.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/epworth-P.pdf.
- Narcolepsy Severity Scale. https://drdavidcunnington.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Microsoft-Word-NSS_AU1.0_eng.docx.pdf.
- Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire. https://www.med.upenn.edu/cbti/assets/user-content/documents/Functional%20Outcomes%20of%20Sleep%20Questionnaire%20(FOSQ).pdf.
- Kwon Y, et al. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13(16):e035168.
- CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salt/about/index.html.
- World Health Organization (WHO). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sodium-reduction.
- Morse AM. Med Sci. 2019;7(12):106.
- Maski K, et al. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021;17(9):1895–1945.
- Black J, et al. Future Cardiol. 2025;21(6):339-348.
- Xyrem. Package insert. Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc; 2025. https://pp.jazzpharma.com/pi/xyrem.en.USPI.pdf.
- Lumryz. Package insert. Avadel Pharmaceuticals, LLC; 2024. https://www.lumryzhcp.com/sites/default/files/2025-07/lumryz-prescribing-information.pdf.
15
2026
Succeeding Under Pressure
Understanding and Reducing Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Risk in Narcolepsy
| Time: | 6:15 PM-8:15 PM ET |
| Venue: | SLEEP 2026 - Hilton Baltimore Inner Harbor, Key Ballroom 1-4 |
| Location: | Baltimore, MD |
| Faculty: | Jerald H. Simmons, MD; Virend K. Somers, MD, PhD |
